单元测试和集成测试
单元测试仅依赖于源代码，是测试代码逻辑是否符合预期的最简单方法。
运行所有的单元测试
make test
仅测试指定的package
# 单个package
make test WHAT=./pkg/api
# 多个packages
make test WHAT=./pkg/{api,kubelet}
或者，也可以直接用
go testgo test -v k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/kubelet
仅测试指定package的某个测试case
# Runs TestValidatePod in pkg/api/validation with the verbose flag set
make test WHAT=./pkg/api/validation KUBE_GOFLAGS="-v" KUBE_TEST_ARGS='-run ^TestValidatePod$'
# Runs tests that match the regex ValidatePod|ValidateConfigMap in pkg/api/validation
make test WHAT=./pkg/api/validation KUBE_GOFLAGS="-v" KUBE_TEST_ARGS="-run ValidatePod\|ValidateConfigMap$"
或者直接用
go testgo test -v k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/api/validation -run ^TestValidatePod$
并行测试
并行测试是root out flakes的一种有效方法：
# Have 2 workers run all tests 5 times each (10 total iterations).
make test PARALLEL=2 ITERATION=5
生成测试报告
make test KUBE_COVER=y
go test ./pkg/apiserver -benchmem -run=XXX -bench=BenchmarkWatch
Kubernetes集成测试需要安装etcd（只要安装即可，不需要启动），比如
hack/install-etcd.sh # Installs in ./third_party/etcd
echo export PATH="\$PATH:$(pwd)/third_party/etcd" >> ~/.profile # Add to PATH
运行所有集成测试
make test-integration # Run all integration tests.
指定集成测试用例
# Run integration test TestPodUpdateActiveDeadlineSeconds with the verbose flag set.
make test-integration KUBE_GOFLAGS="-v" KUBE_TEST_ARGS="-run ^TestPodUpdateActiveDeadlineSeconds$"
End to end (e2e) 测试模拟用户行为操作Kubernetes，用来保证Kubernetes服务或集群的行为完全符合设计预期。
在开启e2e测试之前，需要先编译测试文件，并设置KUBERNETES_PROVIDER（默认为gce）：
make WHAT='test/e2e/e2e.test'
make ginkgo
export KUBERNETES_PROVIDER=local
启动cluster，测试，最后停止cluster
# build Kubernetes, up a cluster, run tests, and tear everything down
go run hack/e2e.go -- -v --build --up --test --down
仅测试指定的用例
go run hack/e2e.go -v -test --test_args='--ginkgo.focus=Kubectl\sclient\s\[k8s\.io\]\sKubectl\srolling\-update\sshould\ssupport\srolling\-update\sto\ssame\simage\s\[Conformance\]$'
略过测试用例
go run hack/e2e.go -- -v --test --test_args="--ginkgo.skip=Pods.*env
并行测试
# Run tests in parallel, skip any that must be run serially
GINKGO_PARALLEL=y go run hack/e2e.go --v --test --test_args="--ginkgo.skip=\[Serial\]"
# Run tests in parallel, skip any that must be run serially and keep the test namespace if test failed
GINKGO_PARALLEL=y go run hack/e2e.go --v --test --test_args="--ginkgo.skip=\[Serial\] --delete-namespace-on-failure=false"
清理测试
go run hack/e2e.go -- -v --down
有用的
-ctl# -ctl can be used to quickly call kubectl against your e2e cluster. Useful for
# cleaning up after a failed test or viewing logs. Use -v to avoid suppressing
# kubectl output.
go run hack/e2e.go -- -v -ctl='get events'
go run hack/e2e.go -- -v -ctl='delete pod foobar'
export FEDERATION=true
export E2E_ZONES="us-central1-a us-central1-b us-central1-f"
# or export FEDERATION_PUSH_REPO_BASE="quay.io/colin_hom"
export FEDERATION_PUSH_REPO_BASE="gcr.io/${GCE_PROJECT_NAME}"
# build container images
KUBE_RELEASE_RUN_TESTS=n KUBE_FASTBUILD=true go run hack/e2e.go -- -v -build
# push the federation container images
build/push-federation-images.sh
# Deploy federation control plane
go run hack/e2e.go -- -v --up
# Finally, run the tests
go run hack/e2e.go -- -v --test --test_args="--ginkgo.focus=\[Feature:Federation\]"
# Don't forget to teardown everything down
go run hack/e2e.go -- -v --down
可以用
cluster/log-dump.sh <directory>方便的下载相关日志，帮助排查测试中碰到的问题。Node e2e仅测试Kubelet的相关功能，可以在本地或者集群中测试
export KUBERNETES_PROVIDER=local
make test-e2e-node FOCUS="InitContainer"
make test_e2e_node TEST_ARGS="--experimental-cgroups-per-qos=true"
借助kubectl的模版可以方便获取想要的数据，比如查询某个container的镜像的方法为
kubectl get pods nginx-4263166205-ggst4 -o template '--template={{if (exists . "status" "containerStatuses")}}{{range .status.containerStatuses}}{{if eq .name "nginx"}}{{.image}}{{end}}{{end}}{{end}}'
test-infra架构图（图片来自官方GitHub）
- https://github.com/kubernetes/test-infra